Mac in scientific research

I wonder whether mac is a better machine for scientific research than PC.
Could anyone illustrate how mac can help a researcher with examples ?

Thanks in advance,

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I think no. From a hardware

I think no.
From a hardware point of view there's no difference at all (you can buy a PC with the same hardware), at least for computational tasks (CPU and/or GPU).
The OS makes a difference but not in "research" itself. It much depends on what tools you are dealing with.
Many tools are written in python/java/perl which allows you to run on any platform.
You may have some troubles in compiling C/C++ software because of some differences in libraries.
Apart from this, there is a bunch of software that is PC only (either Windows or Linux), not to mention all instruments that are attached to Windows computers...
There are some fields (microscopy and imaging in general) that take advantage of OS X features such as CoreAnimation, CoreImage and CoreVideo...

/*
Davide Cittaro
NGS data analysis

IFOM - Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare
via adamello, 16
20139 Milano
Italy
*/

In restrospect

I suggested a colleague of mine to buy a beefed up mac pro to do his number crunching and serve as a server/workstation.

In retrospect I think this was a mistake. As he mostly uses matlab to do his work, he has to deal with the speed penalty mac users of matlab have to pay (2 to 3 x slower than comparable windows or linux systems). Although Mathworks is to blame for this, the situation is less than optimal.

Furthermore I noticed that although mac is easy to manage by novice users some functionality is lacking. For example, remote managment requires the OSX server version and additional software compared to XDMCP on my Ubuntu desktop.

So, would I suggest a mac a second time? YES for the desktop (writing, data management, fast exploration of datasets and statistics), NO for number crunching with matlab (the speed reaaaaaaaaally sucks), YES again if you write your own number crunching code (Fortran, Python, C++ compilers are all available cross platform), NO again if you would use the machine as a (headless) server.

In general I would opt for the combination of a fast linux workstation for the work and a mac laptop for everyday coding and writing stuff.

Just my 2 cents...

Yes.

Yes.
Literally because Macs have, on average, better hardware quality than run-of-the mill PC.
Meaning less downtime, less hassle. I know because I have to maintain them.

What about the OS argument? (Many tools Windows/Linux only.)
Here's where modern Macs with Intel processors shine: virtualisation!
Use VMware (or Parallels if you prefer, or Sun's free Virtualbox if it works for you, or BootCamp if you really, really must), and you can have any number of different OS configurations on one machine. I have XP software that won't run on anything else (certainly not Vista), Windows 2000 spectrometry software that's gone orphan (with the last Win2000 PC retired years ago, and no new versions available), several Linux flavors, and even Solaris for the odd project. All on different virtual machines on a FireWire HD alongside my MacBook Pro. Huge savings. Very comfortable.

And if some of the tools you need are natively available on Mac OS X, you'll never look back.
It can be so liberating when things just work.
So, even if the initial investment in a decent Mac is a little more expensive than a PC of comparable quality (not just numbers on paper!), it's really a near-universal toolbox.
Just make sure you get enough RAM — the temptation to run everything in parallel is huge, once you get the hang of it.

I use a mac

Well, I use a Mac because I like to use a Mac. I'm sure I could do most of what I do on a PC in Matlab or programming it in Visual C++. After all, I learned how to program in Visual C++ in college. But honestly, I like the Mac. I like the APIs that the Mac has for programming, particularly Core Animation, Core Data, and Core Image. I've found true love in Objective-C and XGrid simplifies a lot of things. I think that's why most of us are here, we like Macs, we like research/work and you might as well use what you like.

Honestly, I've never run into a problem of "I can't run this on a Mac" that wasn't fixable. Either run it in VMWare or Parallel's Desktop, or if it's fairly simple, write your own. It might even be better than what's out there.

In terms of Matlab speed, build yourself a cheap headless Linux box for $200 (I just did this). If you want a headless server, you can do it on a Mac using VNC in 10.5.x.

easy to buy

I've been using a Mac Pro for the last two years as my main compute machine. My opinion of this platform as compared to linux varies depending on whether I'm trying to install new software or not. I do bioinformatics research and I use a lot of open source software tools. Most programs can be installed with little or no problem on the Mac but some can be difficult to compile and install. Lately I've been using linux virtual machines running on VMWare Fusion for data analysis but a single virtual machine can only access 4 of my 8 cores and disk performance is pretty bad, compared to the host Mac OS.

On the other hand, Apple hardware is easy to buy. Companies like Dell and Sun offer a bewildering array of chassis, cpu and storage options and unless you're really familiar with server hardware you'll spend hours trying to configure a system on your own.

A big NO

I'm not even doing research per se, but I'm a technical consultant. I collect air quality data and have to process sometimes thousands of data points, mostly for simple calcs or plotting.

Using Excel for Mac 2008 is useless--with only 3000 points, the effort to do any simple x-y plotting is enormous. It take minutes to generate a plot, and to change anything, it frequently cannot be done at all.

Turns out that the inability to plot any more than 100 data points in MS Excel for Mac is a 'known' bug--but known only to MS! Evidently, they don't feel any compulsion to share this info with anyone. To me, it's an unforgiveable flaw. Plotting on PCs has been done successfully for decades!

And Numbers is not any better. After a lot of effort with the Mac 'genius' department at a local store, I was informed that Numbers can only handle up to 1000 rows of values effectively. Whoopee.

My 5-year old PC laptop with a 1.6 GHz processor and 512K RAM can handle this type of plot way better.

I am seriously considering selling the whole kit and kaboddle and returning to PCs. I'm kinda looking towards Win7 as a savior, as I really hate Vista, and XP is winding down. To say I'm disappointed is an understatement.

If anyone has a suggestion on how to improve Excel processing, I'm all ears. I've been looking into this for months, and haven't found anything that works.

Re: Excel

If you aren't tied to Excel, per se. You might want to look at DataGraph or even DataTank, but VisualDataTools. Both programs are awesome for data analysis. DataGraph in particular is pretty intuitive, does a lot of nice 2D plots and can handle a lot of data points. It's inexpensive and the developer is extremely responsive.

http://www.visualdatatools.com/DataGraph/index.html

Dave

Why use Excel?

Most people who do reasonable amounts of data analysis would avoid Excel, it is regarded as a word processor that does numbers. That said I've used it to handle 10,000 rows of data on occasions.

There a huge number of better data analysis options on the Mac, I keep a list here

http://homepage.mac.com/swain/Macinchem/Static/data_anal_tools.html

I like Aabel it gives great plots and is scriptable so you can automate tasks you do regularly.

Thanks for the suggestions

I've been kind of stuck on a spreadsheet, as that's what I've mostly used in the past. I've seen the Macs in Chemistry list before, but forgot about it. I'll check it out--perhaps this is time to expand my alternatives a bit.

Thanks

Re: A big no

What about Open Office Calc for OS X?

Tried Open Office

It works better than Excel, meaning that it at least does the minimum, but still underperforms compared to my benchmark--a 5 year old PC laptop.

The other thing that hangs me up is that I have gotten used to a nice add-in in PC Excel that really helps in navigating and formatting, etc (Spreadsheet Assistant). It has lots of easy right-click options for selecting cells, making it easier to format tables for input into reports.

I'm checking out these other options right now.

Maybe Snow Leopard will accelerate things

I hope that with OpenCL performance will see a big boost.

It really depends on your needs

If you run a lot of unix/linux scripts/applications and do a lot of scripting but don't necessarily want to spend time on adjusting/tweaking/fudging/getting-mad-at unix/linux, it is a definite yes.

I guess that if you are almost interested in MS Office products (Excel), a PC does the job just fine.

If it's a mix of both, I'd still recommend a Mac for the versatility and stability. You can still run Windows through Parallel/VMware or Bootcamp if you are not happy with the Mac version of Microsoft products.

Personally, I switched to Mac from a Linux/Windows dual-boot habit a few years ago and I wouldn't go back to it to save my life. You may call that Applephilia. :-) But, more seriously, my productivity increased drastically ever since.

I'm a researcher in volcano geophysics. I can run all my codes/applications/workflow on one single machine using Mac OS X. Scripting is a significant part of my work and requires *nix platform. But I also work in a Microsoft environment so run Windows through virtual machine for day-to-day admin stuff. When it comes to manipulate and store data (actual data or references), I found Mac OSX far faster and easier to use than MS Windows (e.g. my workflow includes a mix of DevonAgent, DevonThink, Papers and Applescripts). For producing and manipulating equations and graphs (e.g. postscripts and pdfs for publications), Mac is also, to my opinion, superior to Windows. An important point is that Mac OS X comes with a lot of scripting languages and various servers out of the box which make scripting and remote connection to my work machine a piece of cake. I guess my point here is that I can do far more with Mac OS X than with Windows without installing third-party applications. When it comes to presenting research results, I also find Keynote to be far superior to Powerpoint.

Then, there is a bunch of applications that I use which run on both Mac/PC (e.g., PersonalBrain, LaTeX, Matlab). But even for those, I found Mac OS to be more to my taste.

A possibly futile point is that working on a visually attractive environment also makes work nicer and somewhat "easier" (at least to me). In other words, I am happier to script/crush some numbers on a Mac rather than under Windows. This, obviously is entirely personal.

Example of workflow from a few weeks ago:
1. GPS processing using shell and perl scripting and GAMIT/GLOBK (*nix only)
2. Mass-plotting with GMT (hundreds of plots)
3. Mass-conversion of ps to image format using Workflow
4. Integration of the plots into a movie with iMovie.

No way I could do that with Windows. And doing it with Linux would have taken me far longer.

Hope this helps

Nico

www.volcanoloco.org
www.gns.cri.nz

It really depends on what

It really depends on what you need for your research:

Pros of Macs:

-Able to blend open-source and proprietary (Office) programs together under one OS.
-Many consider them simpler to use for day-to-day activities, system administration and the like for individual users.
-They are much easier to set-up than a typical Linux machine.
-Macs easily outperform Windows machines in scripting, and ease of use issues.
-Many like the little frills that come with Macs.

Cons:

-Macs cost substantially more than a regular PC for the same hardware (they use the same hardware, don't believe the lies, you are paying for the name and the OS).
-Macs may have substantial issues compiling and running certain open-source projects (compared to Linux).
-If you start programming in Mac specific languages, and/or using Mac proprietary programs, you are (quite literally) locked into using them for the rest of your life. There is very little reason or incentive to code in Mac specific formats right now, because adoption is still quite low, which means that your programs have little chance of being adopted outside of your immediate use.

They are really great machines, but unless you have a strong predisposition towards OS X, I would say that you can probably get away with a Linux machine for half the price. Especially now that Ubuntu does such a good job at handling most of the major issues that people used to deal with.

> they use the same

> they use the same hardware, don't believe the lies, you are paying for the name and the OS

This is only true in theory. In practice the MacPro comes with a server-grade Intel-brand motherboard which costs several hundred dollars, not the $50 commodity stuff from Via. People have added up the component costs, and come up with a total of $2200 in parts for the $2400 2008 MacPro. So you are paying $200 for the design, assembly, name, and OS. Seems reasonable to me.

A big YES

We have been using macs for more than 20 years at our institute and I can strongly recommend using them for research. I administer a network of OS X, Linux and even Windows machines at an university in northern Germany.

With the adoption of Intel processors Macs can run any software you can imagine. Natively or you can use any OS in a virtual machine and it will run at normal speed. This makes a Mac this swiss army knife of all computers.

Yes, you have to invest more money than for a cheap PC. But remember: this is the one tool you will use every day. You don't want to buy any cheap plastic tool that would be a bag of hurt to use. You want something that can run any software, is easy to setup and use, lasts long and even looks good.

I recommend the combination of a MacBookPro 15" with a decent LCD (the bigger the better), an external keyboard and mouse (you can choose any usb model) and a small firewire hard-drive for backups. You have all your data stored in one place and get a very nice notebook for traveling with a durable aluminum casing and a battery that lasts for more than 7 hours.

some further things to keep in mind:
For number crunching you can login into a linux/unix box (or cluster) via X11. A remote desktop client is also available for Windows OS.
Printers and scanners simply work with a mac.
Macs integrate well into any Unix or Windows environment.
The hardware is designed for being efficient and silent. A mac mini is almost unhearable and has an average energy consumption of 11W. That is what some PCs consume when turned off.
No hasle with different versions of the OS, activation or registration. The OS comes preinstalled with the computer. You start it up, setup your users and the software you would like to use and you are done. When you get a new mac, you simply connect it to your old Mac, transfer all your data and software (!) and continue working on the new machine. This feature alone is worth a fortune. Just ask a Windows XP user how he/she is going to upgrade to Windows 7 ...
If you already have a Windows based computer you can transfer that one to a virtual machine (using parallels transporter) and let it run on your Mac in a window.
When your hard-drive fails, you can restore your complete machine from the "Time Machine" backup on your external drive. You are back to normal within hours.

regards
Michael

Fundamentally, typical usage

I'm primarily a computer science guy, however I've done a lot in other fields using Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X. I firmly believe that Linux and OS X are in a different league when it comes to data processing, with a plethora of academically-founded open source scientific applications, libraries, etc. that are relatively simple to set up. Yes, Windows has Cygwin, but just about every experience I've had with it has been awful.

If you only process data using a spreadsheet, Windows is probably the best option; as my girlfriend who works in a neutrino lab recently found out, the spreadsheet options for Linux and OS X are seriously lacking. Numbers.app is a very smooth and useable spreadsheet app, but it simply will not deal with large data sets. Open Office's Calc did not do any better, and the interface is pretty rough. She was surprised to find that Excel for Mac also did no better, which after some thought made sense to me, since the lack of spreadsheet capabilities on OS X helps keep labs and businesses on Windows.

Mathematica, Matlab, Maple, etc. are bearable on OS X, but I haven't used them much (and not in a couple years). As I recall, they were pretty slow on all platforms.

Honestly, hacking something up in your choice of programming language (java, perl, python, ocaml, haskell, etc.) is the best way to go on any platform. This does not "lock you" in OS X as a previous poster has claimed-- far from it! I have simply and easily ported all sorts of scientific software between platforms (granted sometimes it's a pain, and generally I do not relish porting software). Conversely, many Windows libraries are only available as a binary-only distribution or otherwise have dependencies on binary-only software, and as such those will limit your cross-platform ability.

That said, I find that many labs are not so adventurous when it comes to software, which means that 99% of them use one or two of Excel, Matlab, Mathematica, Maple, or one other I'm forgetting. This is a shame, but the reality is that those will probably not be satisfied with OS X or Linux.

However given all options, I am very satisfied with OS X. The hardware is reliable, the amount of system maintenance I have to do is negligible, setup is much faster than Linux, and the end result is more usable.

Data analysis tools

Don't use Excel for scientific data analysis, I keep a list of alternative applications here

http://homepage.mac.com/swain/Macinchem/Static/data_anal_tools.html